The Cells of the Immune System The response to pathogens is orchestrated by the complex interactions and activities of the large number of diverse cell types involved in the immune response. The innate immune response is the first line of defense and occurs soon after pathogen exposure. It is...

History is gone; they taught us the definitions, the experiments that lead to the discovery of this wide network of cells and organs that contribute to immunity. But what comprises these networks individually?? Let’s see…   Well consider this diagram, [1] Image source: Snapshot from ‘Overview...

History of immunology time line Source: https://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/lifescience/generalbiology/immunology/history/history.htm 1798 Edward Jenner, Smallpox vaccination 1862 Ernst Haeckel, Recognition of phagocytosis 1877 Paul Erlich, recognition of mast cells 1879 Louis...

Immunity? What is it? When it was first described? Who discovered Vaccines? Immunity as described in English dictionary means 'special exemption' or 'protected from infectious disease’[1]. Well the history behind the advent of concept and theories on immunity were not as simple as these...